The Historic Landscape Character Areas (HLCAs)
HLCA 001 The River Wye
Communication and coastal maritime corridor: bridges; weirs; fords; viaducts; ports/docks; ferries; harbour/fishing; ornamental/leisure and tourism; water supply resources. Back to map
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HLCA 002 Chepstow Transport Corridor
Communication and coastal maritime corridor: bridges; footbridges; railway bridges; riverfront and intertidal features, ports/docks; slipway; industrial Archaeology; public and industrial railway; relict/buried Archaeology: Prehistoric settlement; and Roman funerary and ritual (cremations). Back to map
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HLCA 003 Chepstow
Historic settlement core: Medieval walled town and early post-medieval extra-mural settlement: nucleated regular and organic (ie linear and irregular cluster); Post-medieval urban domestic, commercial, and civic buildings (medieval structures?); relict Anglo-Norman and medieval defensive; Medieval and Post-medieval ecclesiastic buildings (various); historic associations; communication features. Back to map
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HLCA 004 Piercefield Park Ancient Woodland
Ancient Woodland within Piercefield Park : relict Prehistoric defensive archaeology; Post-medieval industrial extractive and processing features (eg limekilns); ornamental leisure: parkland (ornamental walks and viewpoints); tourism; communication features; historic associations (Picturesque Movement); woodland management. Back to map
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HLCA 005 Piercefield Park
Core of Post-medieval gentry estate associated with the Picturesque Movement: Neoclassical mansion (ruins) and associated outbuildings; ornamental leisure: registered 18th century landscaped parkland and garden; historic associations (Picturesque Movement); Communication features. Back to map
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HLCA 006 The Kymin
Possible encroachment settlement (ie squatter origins): irregular scatter (cottages within small irregular enclosures); communication features; traditional boundaries; broad-leafed woodland and scrub. Back to map
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HLCA 007 Livox Farm
Agricultural landscape (single farmstead): regular fieldscape: large rectangular enclosures; traditional boundaries; communication features; buried archaeology; monastic associations. Back to map
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HLCA 008 Reddings Farm
Agricultural landscape (single farmstead): semi-regular fieldscape: partially amalgamated; monastic holding “Rudding Grange” or "Assart Grange"; traditional boundaries; relict/buried archaeology: prehistoric finds and medieval grange features. Back to map
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HLCA 009 Tintern Ancient Woodland and Barbadoes Hill
Ancient Woodland with scattered enclosures: post-medieval encroachment (eg. Barbadoes Hill); agri-industrial extraction and processing; relict archaeology: Prehistoric funerary and ritual and medieval/post-medieval settlement/fields; monastic associations (possibly Secular Firmary Grange and Coed-yr-Abad); historic associations; woodland management features/indications (potential). Back to map
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HLCA 010 Dixton Transport Corridor
Transport and communication corridor: roads (Roman and post-medieval) and associated features; public rail; Post-medieval settlement and fields: settlement pattern dispersed farmhouses and cottages, and church; field pattern: regular; traditional boundaries; ecclesiastical features: medieval church and associated cemetery (on early medieval monastic site); relict/buried archaeology (Prehistoric/Roman and Medieval); education; industrial archaeology: metal processing, mill and cider house. Back to map
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HLCA 011 Monmouth
Historic settlement core: Medieval/post-medieval settlement and associated Anglo-Norman castle; settlement pattern nucleated regular and organic (ie linear and irregular cluster); Post-medieval urban domestic, commercial, and civic buildings (medieval structures?); Anglo-Norman, medieval and post-medieval defensive features; relict and buried archaeology (multiperiod); communication features; Medieval and Post-medieval ecclesiastical features (churces, cemeteries and chapels); Industrial archaeology (eg. mill; brewery, site of tannery); historic associations. Back to map
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HLCA 012 Fairoak Fieldscape
Post-medieval agricultural landscape: semi-regular fieldscape; traditional boundaries; Post-medieval dispersed settlement (farms and cottages); small planned settlement; relict archaeology; communication features; water resources (pond). Back to map
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HLCA 013 Tintern
Monastic and settlement landscape associated with Picturesque Movement: relict archaeology: monastic (Cistercian Abbey of Tintern and significant associated monastic features); historic associations & ornamental/leisure and tourism (Picturesque Movement); industrial archaeology; medieval and post-medieval settlement/fields: organic cluster and later ribbon development settlement pattern; distinctive vernacular style (reuse of former conventual structures); traditional building materials and distinctive boundaries; communications; and wooded setting. Back to map
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HLCA 014 Angidy Valley
Industrial landscape: relict industrial archaeology: metal processing; mills; quarrying; water management features (weirs, leats and dams); communication features (inluding industrial rail and bridges); Post-medieval industrial settlement (informal dispersed pattern of Georgian style houses and cottages with associated enclosures; distinctive vernacular style; post-medieval settlement features/building types (non-conformist chapels; public house; 19th century school); historic and monastic associations (monastic land); traditional boundaries. Back to map
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HLCA 015 Upper Redbrook Fieldscape
Medieval/Post-medieval agricultural landscape: varied pattern of small - medium fields; settlement predominantly dispersed farmsteads; traditional boundaries; relict archaeology: medieval monastic settlement/fields (Beaulieu or ‘Grace Dieu’ Grange); communication features (eg. incline over bridge, and industrial rail). Back to map
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HLCA 016 Tintern Parva
Medieval/Post-medieval settlement: nucleated cluster, ribbon development and dispersed farmsteads and cottages; relict archaeology: medieval and post-medieval settlement/fields; monastic (former manor/Hospice at Tintern Parva); 19th century settlement features/building types (place of worship, police station, public houses); communication features; Medieval/Post-medieval ecclesiastical (church and cemetery and non-conformist chapel); varied agricultural field pattern, some amalgamation, other areas reverting to scrub woodland; Ancient Woodland; industrial archaeology (malthouse, smithy and wharf). Back to map
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HLCA 017 Wye Valley Railway South
Communication/transport corridor: major roads; public rail (station buildings and signal box); regular agricultural field pattern: large meadows, and some strips; settlement pattern: dispersed farmsteads; industrial archaeology: metal processing, cider production; ornamental leisure and tourism. Back to map
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HLCA 018 Chippenham
Registered park (PGW (Gt) 6), 20th century garden/park now a sports and recreation ground; ornamental leisure: sports facilities (tennis courts, bowling green, football, rugby); buried and relict archaeology: historic common in Monmouth (stones and winning post OS 1st edition); Post-medieval settlement/fields (Chippenham Cottage); boundaries of adjacent properties (railings and gate piers). Back to map
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HLCA 019 Highmeadow Woods
Ancient Woodland: woodland management features: charcoal burning hearths; relict industrial archaeology: charcoal burning at Priory Grove; and quarrying; communication: footpaths (‘picturesque’ walk through Beaulieu wood); public rail (dismantled Ross-Monmouth railway); Roman road (OS 1st edition); ornamental/leisure; tourism (‘picturesque’ walk and viewing platforms); woodland boundaries. Back to map
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HLCA 020 Hadnock Fieldscape
Agricultural landscape: varied irregular pattern of curvilinear fields at the centre of the area (fossilized medieval open fields?), some 20th century amalgamation in south; traditional boundaries; Medieval/Post-medieval settlement/fields; settlement pattern: dispersed farmsteads and cottages (including minor gentry house Hadnock Hall); buried and relict archaeology: Roman settlement (villa), finds and industrial archaeology; communication features (including hollow way /Roman Road); public rail). Back to map
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HLCA 021 Newton
Agricultural landscape: irregular pattern of irregular fields (minor 20th century amalgamation and sub-division); traditional boundaries; Medieval/Post-medieval settlement/fields: loosely dispersed settlement pattern of farms and cottages and a linear group of minor gentry houses (Newton Court and Hall); relict/buried industrial archaeology: medieval mill and metal processing sites (also additional potential for prehistoric, medieval and post-medieval buried features); communication features (sunken lanes); traditional boundaries (high mortared walls and earthen banks); historic associations; mixed woodland, and orchard. Back to map
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HLCA 022 Cuckoo Wood
Ancient Woodland with isolated post-medieval encroachment of smallholdings and walled enclosures: relict industrial archaeology: quarrying; traditional boundaries (dry-stone walls) and other boundary features (eg ‘The Resting Stone’); communication features. Back to map
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HLCA 023 Hayes Coppice
Ancient Woodland with irregular enclosures associated with Newton Court: mixed parkland planting; industrial archaeology: quarrying; communication and boundaries (estate walls) and boundary features; relict Archaeology: potential for woodland management features. Back to map
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HLCA 024 Llandogo
Medieval/Post-medieval settlement with early medieval origins and associated agricultural hinterland: settlement pattern: nucleated cluster around church; ribbon development and irregular cluster on slope; typical 19th/20th century settlement features/building types; ecclesiastical: medieval/post medieval church and cemetery (early medieval origins); post-medieval chapel; traditional boundaries; varied irregular enclosure/field pattern: small wooded (orchards?) enclosures associated with settlement, medium to large irregular fields around Rectory; Communication features. Back to map
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HLCA 025 Pilstone
Agricultural landscape: irregular evolved pattern of small - medium-sized irregular fields some 20th century amalgamation, plantation and orchards located around farms; traditional boundaries; dispersed settlement of isolated farmsteads and Pilstone House and garden; distinctive vernacular style: 16th century farmhouse (Pilstone Farm), and Victorian gentry house (Pilstone House); communication features; mixed woodland (& orchards). Back to map
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HLCA 026 Pen-y-Fan
Evolved irregular agricultural landscape with dispersed settlement: varied small-medium enclosures, including initial and successive irregular enclosures and more regular infilling; traditional field boundaries; scrub/unmanaged land; orchards; settlement pattern: loose dispersed scatter of houses and cottages, basically smallholdings; Communication features; tourism (‘Swiss chalet’ caravan park). Back to map
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HLCA 027 Hael Woods
Ancient Woodland with dispersed wooded irregular encroachment and scattered (ribbon development) post-medieval? settlement (the Birches): industrial archaeology: metal processing (early Whitebrook wireworks site); quarrying (including millstones); limekilns; cider presses/mills; water management: leats, reservoir, dam (association with Whitebrook wireworks); historic associations; woodland management features; boundary features (boundary stones). Back to map
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HLCA 028 The Narth
Irregular post-medieval and 20th century settlement on the edge of Trellech Common: scatter of post-medieval farmsteads and cottages with recent dense, though irregular development of bungalows and houses; irregular evolved fieldscape of small irregular enclosures, minor amalgamation and subdivision for building plots; good 19th century vernacular buildings; mixed woodland; traditional boundaries; communication features. Back to map
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HLCA 029 Whitebrook Valley
Primarily industrial settlement: loose dispersed scatter and small clusters/ribbon development of cottages and larger houses/farms; varied enclosure pattern with irregular evolved enclosures and regular rectilinear enclosures; post-medieval settlement features/building types; industrial archaeology; mills (paper, corn and cider mills, and former wireworks); possible iron forge site (slag heap) and quarries; water management features associated with mills: reservoirs, leats and sluices; wells associated with settlement; communication features; traditional boundaries; mixed woodland and coniferous plantation. Back to map
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HLCA 030 Tregagle and Pen-twyn Fieldscape
Varied agricultural landscape: evolved irregular pattern of small fields (heavily wooded) around Tregagle, elsewhere larger curvilinear, rectilinear and sub-rectangular enclosures (partially amalgamation); loosely dispersed settlement of farms and cottages; scrub/unmanaged land; relict archaeology: medieval/post-medieval settlement/fields, prehistoric finds; communication features. Back to map
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HLCA 031 Kymin Naval Temple
Registered parkland and garden with commemorative temple: ornamental/leisure (tower/folly/viewpoint); distinctive building type: picturesque pavilion and memorial; historic associations: persons; events; and ‘Picturesque’ Movement; tourism (National Trust property); Ancient Woodland; communication features. Back to map
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HLCA 032 Pen-y-garn and Church Hill Common
Varied landscape of amalgamated former irregular evolved enclosure and more regular post-medieval enclosure (improved common); small parcel of surviving common; medium-sized regular and large amalgamated enclosures (former irregular fieldscape); traditional boundaries; broadleaf woodland and scrub/unmanaged land; relict archaeology: medieval settlement/fields (deserted medieval settlement?); communication features. Back to map
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HLCA 033 The Garth and Wyesham Fieldscape
Varied agricultural landscape: medium-sized slightly irregular fields (result of field amalgamation) and regular fields); traditional boundaries; settlement pattern: loose dispersed scatter of farmsteads and cottage, country house/vicarage (the Garth); communication features; ecclesiastical/monastic association: the Garth (medieval hermitage and appropriated church/monastic landholding); potential relict/buried archaeology: medieval settlement/fields; historic associations. Back to map
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HLCA 034 Penallt
A small loose organic clustered settlement of farmsteads and cottages with associated enclosures focused on Penallt Old Church (St Mary’s); relict/buried archaeology; possible medieval shrunken village and fieldscape; varied field pattern of evolved irregular enclosures at ‘core’ of settlement; more regular elsewhere; traditional boundaries (including dry-stone walls); ecclesiastical features: Medieval/post-medieval church and cemetery; communication features; Ancient Woodland and scrub/unmanaged land. Back to map
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HLCA 035 Wyesham
Post-medieval (19th century suburban clustered and mid-20th century planned nucleated) settlement dominated by transport and communication; 20th century housing estates (social and private), leisure facilities (Tennis courts and school playing fields, and sports ground) and industrial estates; post-medieval and 20th century settlement features/building types; communication features (major roads; disused industrial and public rail); ecclesiastical features: medieval chapel and19th century church (St James) and cemetery; site of post-medieval (19th century) industrial features. Back to map
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HLCA 036 Troypark Wood
An area of Ancient Woodland (wider setting of HLCA038) with small enclosures and sheepfolds; traditional boundaries; industrial archaeology: quarries; cider mill; communication features; settlement pattern: rare dispersed farmstead and other minor structures. Back to map
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HLCA 037 Troy Farm Fieldscape
Agricultural landscape and associated essential setting for Troy House (HLCA038): regular fieldscape of medium-large enclosures associated with planned home farm; varied traditional boundaries; characteistic buildings: farmstead and outbuildings (Home Farm); estate cottages and lodges (some in picturesque vernacular style); relict/buried archaeology: prehistoric-post-medieval settlement/fields; industrial archaeology: Roman bloomery; post-medieval? Tuck mill; relict ornamental/leisure: post-medieval garden and parkland features associated with Troy House (eg ‘Old Parke’ area, ponds, conduits, and grotto); historic associations; communication features. Back to map
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HLCA 038 Troy House
Post-medieval country house in Classical style, Troy House, within associated registered park and garden of 17th–18th century date; relict archaeology post-medieval settlement/fields; country house and associated outbuildings, eg school building additions, ice house; ornamental/leisure: parkland and garden; historic associations. Back to map
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HLCA 039 Wye Valley Railway North
Communication/transport corridor: major roads (A466); milestones; public rail (Wye Valley Railway); agricultural field pattern: large regular enclosures, meadows; traditional boundaries; Ancient Woodland; ornamental leisure and tourism (part of the Wye Valley walking route). Back to map
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HLCA 040 Lord's Grove Woodland
Area of Ancient Woodland: other broadleaf woodland; relict industrial archaeology: quarries; communication features (including industrial Rail). Back to map
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